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1. Cranberry juice may help

   A review of the literature in 2000 on the effectiveness of cranberries for the prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) showed there is no conclusive evidence that cranberries are effective in preventing urinary tract infections. However, more recent studies show that cranberry juice really does help prevent UTIs. Of the 150 women who participated in a recent medical study, those who drank a daily glass of cranberry juice (made from concentrate) reduced their risk for recurrent UTI by 20 percent. The juice helps to deposit extra vitamin C in urine, creating an acidic environment that thwarts the growth and "stickability" of UTI-causing bacteria, researchers said. A Canadian study showed that concentrated cranberry tablets are more cost-effective prevention than cranberry juice.

2. How to avoid urinary tract infections

   To prevent your next urinary tract infection, be sure to drink the equivalent of at least eight glasses of fluid throughout the day. That encourages frequent urination, which flushes bacteria from the bladder. And avoid substances that can irritate the bladder, such as alcohol and caffeine.

3. UTIs may be harmful to unborn babies

   If you develop a UTI while pregnant, be sure to take the medication exactly as directed by your health care professional. Pregnant women who fail to properly treat their UTIs incur a higher risk of high blood pressure, miscarriage and premature labor.

4. Self-help for urinary tract infections

   Although your health care professional can recommend a variety of drugs to relieve the pain of a UTI, there are things you can do on your own. Draping a heating pad over your lower pelvic area can help curb the symptoms, as can drinking plenty of water to help flush bacteria out of the urinary tract. Also, try to avoid coffee, alcohol and spicy foods that can irritate the lining of the urinary tract, particularly while you have a UTI.